This study aims to present the problems and improvement measures in the efficient operation of emergency resources in the event of a disaster in China. We suggested the following improvements. First, increasing attention to disaster preparedness resources and improving the construction of facilities for regional disaster preparedness resource stockpiles. Second, long-term analysis and research on various types of risk factors should be carried out. Third, local government emergency management departments should divide and set up small-scale disaster preparedness material stockpiles to improve the ability of cooperation and mutual assistance. Fourth, in the management of disaster preparedness materials, we should emphasize the optimization of the resource reserve inspection mechanism. Fifth, improve the professional skills of disaster preparedness resource stockpiling and management personnel to avoid mistakes and work errors in the work process. Sixth, a stockpile accountability system should be established to prevent problems such as poor management of local disaster preparedness resources.